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Aeroplane SK12 Focke-Wulf FW 44 Stieglitz

Operational History
The Focke-Wulf FW 44 is a 1930s German two-seat biplane known as the Stieglitz ("Goldfinch"). It was produced by the Focke-Wulf company as a pilot training and sport flying aircraft. It was also eventually built under license in several other countries.
Design and development
The FW 44 was designed as a biplane with conventional layout and straight, untapered wings. Its two open cockpits were arranged in tandem, and both cockpits were equipped with flight controls and instruments. The FW 44 had fixed tailwheel landing gear. It employed ailerons on both upper and lower wings. It did not use flaps. It was flown with a Siemens- Halske Sh 14 radial engine. The first prototype flew in 1932. After many tests and modifications to increase the plane's durability and aerodynamics, the final FW 44 proved to have excellent airworthiness.
20 FW 44s purchased by China were modified for combat missions and participated in the early stage of the Second Sino-Japanese War until all were lost in action. The last series version was the FW 44J, which was sold or built under license in several countries around the world. It was equipped with a seven-cylinder Siemens-Halske Sh 14 radial engine.
A second version of the FW 44 was the FW 44B, which had an Argus As 8 fourcylinder inverted inline air-cooled engine of 90 kilowatt (120 horsepowers).The cowling for this engine gave the plane a more slender, aerodynamic nose. The engine was fitted with a starting handle but started as a rule, through a "tug of the two-blade propeller ".
In autumn 1936 14 original specimens were ordered from Germany and delivered in spring 1937. Meanwhile contact was made with ASJA (Svenska Järnvägsverkstädernas Aeroplanavdelning) and by subcontract ASJA received an order for 20 aircraft in June 1937. 1940 another 12 aircraft were ordered of Focke Wulf. But these were built by Flugzeugwerke CKD in Prague because of World War II. Between 1939 and 1943 CVV built 37 aircraft. The aircraft were delivered to F 5 Ljungbyhed. During 1944 15 aircraft from Ljungbyhed were transferred to F 20 Uppsala to be used by the Air Cadet School until 1947. In 1944-1945 Bücker Bü 181 SK25 was added to the school and the superfluous SK12 were allocated to all Air Force bases. The aircraft came to be used for general aviation training, communications, weather reconnaissance and glider towing.
When the Air Force phased out its Stieglitz, 25 planes were sold to Swedish flying clubs around 1953. In the clubs the planes were used mainly for towing glider aircraft. At Ljungbyhed the last two specimens were used for towing gliders 1967. In 1968, the last of these 25 planes disappeared from Civil registry. A third had been completely destroyed in Sweden, a third was sold to Germany where demand was great, and a third were donated to museums (for example Svedino Car and Aviation Museum and Arlanda-collections) or became longterm renovation projects.
In total 57 SK12 were build in Sweden and 18 came from Focke-Wulf (two of which were test planes P2).
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